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Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a mammalian homologue of Drosophila Toll, a leucine-rich repeat molecule that can trigger innate responses against pathogens.
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The innate immune response relies on recognition of evolutionarily conserved structures on pathogens, termed pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), ...
Dec 6, 2013 · Recognition of lipid A variants by the TLR4-MD-2 receptor complex. ... The leucine-rich repeat as ... innate immune receptor TLR4/MD-2. Proc Natl ...
LPS binding to the TLR4/MD2 complex promotes secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines from innate immune cells, resulting in a cytokine storm and septic shock in ...
Apr 20, 2010 · LBP is a soluble plasma protein that binds LPS, and CD14 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked, leucine-rich repeat–containing protein that ...
Dec 6, 2018 · Leucine-rich repeats and calponin homology containing 4 (Lrch4) regulates the innate immune response ... recognition by the TLR4-MD-2 complex.
Dec 21, 2015 · Inhibitory and non-inhibitory antibodies have distinct binding specificities on TLR4. Abstract. Excessive activation of Toll-like receptor 4 ( ...
Nucleotide binding oligomerization domain (NOD-like) receptors (NLRs) and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors that together with RIG-I- ...
Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 ... innate immune system, recognized by the TLR4.MD-2 complex. ... lipid binding protein MD-2 and the ...
Here, we discuss ligand binding and activation mechanisms of the TLR family. Hydrophobic ligands of TLR1, TLR2, and TLR4 interact with internal protein pockets.